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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 24 - June 2001 pages 23-32

A pilot project of the integration of oral health cares in primary health care in CameroonA pilot project of the integration of oral health cares in primary health care in Cameroon est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : M. NGAPETH-ETOUNDI, EYIA EKOTO - Cameroon


Résumé

Le but : de ce travail est d'analyser la situation de la santé bucco-dentaire (S.B.D.) de la population d'un district de santé opérationnel en soins de santé primaires (S.S.P.) afin d'y intégrer la composante S.B.D.
En effet, dans de nombreux pays d'Afrique, l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (O.M.S.), en accord avec ces derniers ont institués la politique de S.S.P. Le constat est que, la composante S.B.D. à été laissé pour compte comme par exemple au Cameroun.
Voilà pourquoi il a été décidé une étude pilote visant à servir de modèle pour une extension éventuelle à travers le territoire.
La méthode : a consisté en une enquête de prévalence sur questionnaire et examen clinique sur une population d'âge varié ; 900 personnes ont ainsi été examinées dans le district de santé de Sangmélima afin d'analyser la situation de la S.B.D.
Le résultat :

  • Hygiène bucco-dentaire : 70,5 % de cette population possède une brosse à dent et 79 % déclare se brosser les dents,
  • Etat du parodonte : 75 % ont des dépôts mous, 70 % du tartre et 60,7 % une gingivite,
  • La prévalence de la carie est de 66,9 % (91,9 % possèdent entre 21 et 32 dents), celle des dents absentes est de 44,8 %,
  • 50,8 % de cette population a besoin de prothèse dentaire.

Conclusion : la situation de la S.B.D. dans le district de Sangmélima nécessite une prévention effective, donc une prise en charge dans les S.S.P.

Abstract
A pilot project of the integration of oral health cares in primary health care in Cameroon

Objective : the objective of this work is to analyse the situation of the Oral Health Care (OHC) of the population of operational district health unit in Primary Health Care (PHC) and finally integrate the component of OHC.
Indeed in many countries in Africa, the World Health Organisation (WHO), in accord with the countries, have set up the policy of PHC.
The agreement is that the component of OHC was neglected for quite sometimes in Cameroon. It’s for this reason that a pilot project was initiated as a model so that it would be extended to all districts in this country.
Method : the method consist in investigation into the prevalence by means of questionnaire and clinical examination of the population of varied age ; 900 persons were examined in the Sangmelina health district in order to master the situation of OHC.
Results :

  • Oral dental hygiene : 70,5 % of the population had a tooth brush,
  • 79% declared they brush their teeth,
  • The state of periodontal tissue : 75 % had debris, 70 % calculus, 60,7 % gingivitis,
  • The prevalence of caries : 66,9 % (91,9 % had between 21 and 32 teeth), 44,8 % follon teeth,
  • 50,8 % of this population needed artificial teeth.

Conclusion : The situation of the OHC in the health district of Sangmelina requires an effective prevention, consequently the importance of including this situation in PHC program of the said district.

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