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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


Tropical Dental Journal



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Published in English in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 27 - September 2004 pages 15-19

Need for preventive/interceptive orthodontic treatment among 7-10 year-old children in Ibadan, Nigeria : an epidemiological surveyNeed for preventive/interceptive orthodontic treatment among 7-10 year-old children in Ibadan, Nigeria : an epidemiological survey est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : C.O. ONYEASO - Nigeria


Résumé

Le but de cette étude épidémiologique était d’évaluer le niveau du besoin des soins d’orthodontie préventive/interceptive parmi les enfants âgés de 7 à 10 ans dans la ville d’Ibadan, Nigeria. Cet âge représente la seconde période de vigilance dans l’étude du développement des occlusions.
La population était constituée de 493 écoliers (237 garçons (48.1%) et 256 filles (51.9%)) choisis au hasard dans différentes écoles et groupes socio-économiques. Ils étaient tous examinés dans l’enceinte de l’école à la lumière naturelle. Les données étaient enregistrées dans un fichier pré-structuré.
L’étude a montré que environ 27 % des enfants ont besoin d’une forme de soins orthodontique préventif et les autres de soins multiples. Ces soins incluent : La rétention des dents primaires (6.7%), dents croisées (10.3%), perte précoce des dents primaires (4.3%), les habitudes orales (7.3%), la croissance supérieure de plus de 6 mm (4.9%), les lésions carieuses (14.8%), la dentition serrée (18.9%) et la perte de la partie latérale des incisives (3.7%). La relation entre les divergences occlusales observées et les habitudes orales était statistiquement significative (P = 0.001). Il n’y avait aucune différence entre les filles et les garçons ayant besoin de soins préventifs/interceptifs (P>0.005). Les enfants appartenant au groupe des travailleurs étaient de 55.2% alors que 44.8% étaient de familles de la classe moyenne.
Nous concluons que plus du tiers des enfants pourraient bénéficier de soins préventifs orthodontiques, ces soins doivent être encouragés dans notre milieu car leurs bénéfices sont bien connus spécialement dans un pays comme le Nigeria où beaucoup ne peuvent pas supporter le coût des soins orthodontiques dans leur intégralité.

Abstract
Need for preventive/interceptive orthodontic treatment among 7-10 year-old children in Ibadan, Nigeria : an epidemiological survey

The aim of this epidemiological survey was to assess the level of needs for preventive/interceptive orthodontics among 7-10-year-old children in Ibadan, Nigeria, which is the second vigilance period in the study of developing occlusions. The sample consisted of 493 school children - 237 (48.1%) boys and 256 (51.9%) girls randomly selected from various schools and different socio-economic groups. They were all examined in their school environments under natural illumination and the findings entered into a pre-structured form.
The study revealed that about 27% of the children had need for one form of preventive/interceptive orthodontic treatment or the other with some having multiple needs. Some of the needs detected were as follows: prolonged retention of primary teeth (6.9%), cross bite (10.3%), early loss of primary teeth (4.3%), oral habits (7.3%), over jet of more than 6mm (4.9%), carious lesions (14.8%) crowding (18.9%) and clinically missing upper lateral incisors (3.7%). The relationship between observed occlusal discrepancies and oral habits was found very statistically significant (p= 0.001). No gender differences were noted among the children with preventive/interceptive needs (p>0.05). Children from the working class accounted for 55.2% of the study sample, while 44.8% were from the middle class families.
It was concluded that over one third of these children would benefit from preventive interceptive orthodontics and that such care should be encouraged in our environment due to their known numerous benefits especially in a country like Nigeria where many can not afford the cost of comprehensive orthodontic services.

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