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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


Tropical Dental Journal



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Published in English in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 26 - March 2003 pages 25-29

Oral hygiene and periodontal treatment needs of urban school children compared with that of rural school children in Lagos state, NigeriaOral hygiene and periodontal treatment needs of urban school children compared with that of rural school children in Lagos state, Nigeria est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : O.O. SOFOLA, O.P. SHABA, S.O JEBODA - Nigeria


Résumé

Objectif : Évaluer les méthodes d'hygiène buccale utilisées par les enfants sélectionnés en zone urbaine et rurale, l'effet sur leur hygiène buccale et les besoins en traitement parodontal des élèves urbains et ruraux Asseoir des gouvernements locaux et urbains dans l'état de Lagos Sud-Ouest du Nigeria.
Type de méthode : Croisé et descriptif.
Méthode : 1829 élèves du primaire de la 1ère année à la 6éme année ont été sélectionnés dans 13 écoles privées et publiques, en utilisant multiples étapes d'échantillonnage aléatoire. Mille vingt-trois (1023) élèves ont été examinés en zone urbaine et huit cent six (806) ont été examinés en zone rurale. L'index d'hygiène buccale simplifié de Greene et Vermillon et l'index parodontal de la communauté en traitement requis (CPITN) ont été utilisés pour évaluer respectivement le niveau d'hygiène buccale et celui du traitement parodontal nécessaire.
Résultats : 205 (20 %) seulement des enfants dans la zone urbaine utilisent une brosse à dents et une pâte dentifrice et 84 (10,4 %) seulement de ceux de la zone rurale utilisent une brosse à dents et une pâte dentifrice 255 (31,6 %) des enfants de la zone rurale utilisent des bâtonnets comme brosse à denis contre 5 (0,5 %) de ceux de la zone urbaine. La majorité des enfants utilise une combinaison de méthodes selon les disponibilités. Les entants de la zone urbaine avaient de manière significative une meilleure hygiène buccale que ceux de la zone rurale mais ceux des basses classes en zone urbaine avaient de manière significative une plus mauvaise hygiène buccale que ceux de la haute classe sociale. La majorité des enfants des zones rurales et de la basse classe en zone urbaine avaient besoin d'un détartrage et d'un polissage.
Il a été conclu qu'il y a nécessité d'une amélioration de l'hygiène buccale des enfants à travers l'éducation de la santé buccale. Il y a un grand besoin en personnel de santé dentaire de niveau moyen car la majorité des enfants ont besoin d'un détartrage, d'un polissage et d'instructions sur l'hygiène dentaire.

Abstract
Oral hygiene and periodontal treatment needs of urban school children compared with that of rural school children in Lagos state, Nigeria

Objective: To assess the oral hygiene methods being used by the children in the urban and rural areas studied, the effect on their oral hygiene and the periodontal treatment needs of urban and rural school children.
Setting: an urban and a rural local government area in Lagos State, Southwest Nigeria.
Design: Cross-sectional and descriptive.
Method: 1829 primary school children from primary one to six were selected from thirteen fee-paying and non fee-paying schools using a multistage random sampling. One thousand, and twenty-three (1023) children were examined in the urban area and eight hundred and six (806) children were examined in the rural area. The simplified oral hygiene index of Greene and Vermillion and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment needs (CPITN) were used to assess the oral hygiene status and Periodontal treatment needs respectively.
Results: 205 (20 %) of the children in the urban area use the toothbrush and toothpaste only and 84 (10.4 %) of those in the rural area use only the toothbrush and toothpaste. 255 (31.6 %) of the children in the rural area use only the chewing stick compared with 5 (0.5 %) of the children in the urban area. Majority of the children use a combination of methods based on what is available. Children in the urban area had significantly better oral hygiene than those in the rural area but children from low social class in the urban area had significantly poorer oral hygiene than those from the high social clans. Majority of the children from the rural area and the low class urban area needed scaling and polishing.
It was concluded that there is a need for improvement in oral hygiene of the children via oral health education. There is a greater need for middle level oral health manpower as the majority required scaling and polishing with oral hygiene instructions.

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