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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 32 - June 2009 pages 39-46

Periodontal status of Senegalese patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. A case control studyPeriodontal status of Senegalese patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. A case control study est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : A. Seck-Diallo, S. Diallo, H.M. Benoist, A. Diouf, M. Sembène, P.D. Diallo - Senegal


Résumé

L’objectif de cette étude est de comparer l’état parodontal des patients atteints de SGS comparativement à celui de sujets indemnes du SGS et de rechercher le lien entre la maladie parodontale et le SGS.
Cent trois patients dont 36 avec un SGS primitif et 67 avec un SGS secondaire et 103 témoins ont été sélectionnés pour cette étude. Le niveau d’hygiène a été évalué par l’indice de plaque (plaque index PI) de Silness et Löe et l’inflammation par l’indice gingival (gingival index GI) de Löe et Silness. Les profondeurs de poche et la perte d’attache clinique ont été mesurées à l’aide de la sonde parodontale de Williams.
Les indices de plaque moyens étaient identiques dans les deux groupes (1,27 ± 0,1 vs 1,22 ± 0,1 ; p= 0,67). Comparativement aux témoins, les scores de l’indice d’inflammation étaient significativement plus élevés chez les patients atteints du SGS (IG = 1,1 ± 0,1 vs 0,44 ± 0,2 p < 0,001). Le modèle de régression logistique appliqué à l’ensemble de l’échantillon (cas et témoins) montrait que les patients atteints du SGS avaient plus de risque de développer une maladie parodontale (IG : OR 5,508 IC [1,66-9,60] ; PP : OR= 4,51 IC [1,692-12,024]).
Un programme d’éducation des patients atteints d’un syndrome de SGS paraît essentiel pour limiter les effets délétères d’un terrain bucco-dentaire défectueux. Il permettrait ainsi de convaincre les patients de l’intérêt de la prévention par une surveillance et des soins réguliers.

Abstract
Periodontal status of Senegalese patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. A case control study

The aim of this study is to compare the periodontal status of patients with Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome (GSS) to healthy subjects in order to investigate the relation between periodontal disease and GSS.
To achieve this aim, one hundred and three patients, among whom 36 with primary GSS and 67 with secondary GSS, were selected and compared with one hundred and three (103) control subjects. The hygiene level was evaluated with Silness and Löe plaque index (PI) and inflammation level with Löe and Silness gingival index (GI). Probing depth and clinical attachment loss was measured with Williams periodontal probe. Mean plaque indices were identical for both groups (1.27±0.1 versus 1.22±0.1, p= 0.67). Compared with control subjects, the inflammation index scores were significantly higher among SSG patients (IG= 1.1±0.1 versus 0.44±0.2, p < 0,001). The logistical regression model applied to the whole sample showed that patients with GSS had a higher risk of developing periodontal disease (IG : OR 5.508, state 95%CI [1.66-9.60] ; PP : OR= 4.51 95%CI [1.692-12.024]).
A training program for GSS patients seems essential, in order to manage the deleterious effects of defective oral-dental ground. It would allow convincing patients about the interest of prevention through regular surveillance and care.

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