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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


Tropical Dental Journal



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Published in English in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 34 - June 2011 pages 17-23

Anteroposterior, vertical and space malocclusions in adolescents with special needs in Lagos, NigeriaAnteroposterior, vertical and space malocclusions in adolescents with special needs in Lagos, Nigeria est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : I.L. UTOMI, C.O. ONYEASO - Nigeria


Résumé

Objectif : déterminer la prévalence des malocclusions chez des adolescents ayant des besoins spécifiques et comparer les résultats avec ceux d’autres auteurs.
Méthodes : L’échantillon de l’étude était composé de 230 adolescents, ayant des besoins spécifiques âgés de 12-17 ans, sélectionnés au hasard dans 5 écoles spécialiséees du centre de Lagos. Les relations inter-arcades dans le sens antéropostérieur, ont été évaluées selon la classification Angle.
Résultats : L’occlusion normale a été observée chez 11,7%. Les malocclusions de classe I, II et III d’Angle ont été observées respectivement chez 77,4%, 8,3% et 2,6% de l’échantillon. Plus de 63% des sujets, avaient un recouvrement normal, alors que 6,5% et 12,5%, avait respectivement une supra-occlusion et une infraclusion. Le surplomb était normal chez 50% des sujets, augmenté chez 25,7% et réduit chez 6,5%. L’encombrement était observé chez 29% des sujets et le diastème médian inter-incisif chez 27%. Les hommes avaient une prévalence significativement plus élevée de diastème médian inter-incisif, que les femmes (p < 0,05). Les sujets déficients mentaux avaient une fréquence significativement plus élevée de classe II, division 1 et d’infraclusion antérieure, que les autres groupes de sujets handicapés.
Conclusion : La classe I est le type de malocclusion le plus répandu chez les adolescents ayant des besoins spécifiques. Des différences statistiquement significatives en ce qui concerne le type de malocclusion ont été observées entre les différents groupes de personnes handicapées composant cet échantillon.

Abstract
Anteroposterior, vertical and space malocclusions in adolescents with special needs in Lagos, Nigeria

Objective: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion in adolescents with special needs and to compare the results with those of other authors.
Methods: The study sample consisted of 230 adolescents with special needs aged 12-17 years randomly selected from 5 special school/centres in Lagos. Occlusal anteroposterior relationships were assessed based on Angle classification.
Results: Normal occlusion was seen in 11.7%, Angle’s class I malocclusion in 77.4%, class II malocclusion in 8.3% and class III malocclusion in 2.6%. Over 63% had normal overbites, and 6.5% and 12.5% had increased and reduced values, respectively. Overjet relationship was normal in 50%, increased in 25.7% and reduced in 6.5%. Crowding was observed in 29% of the subjects and midline diastema in 27%. Males had a significantly higher prevalence of midline diastema than females (p < 0.05). The intellectually impaired had significantly higher frequency of class II division 1 malocclusion and anterior openbite when compared with the other disabled groups.
Conclusion: Class I malocclusion is the most prevalent occlusal pattern among adolescents with special needs. Statistically significant differences in occlusal pattern were observed between the disabled groups.

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