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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 40 - June 2017  pages 21-27

Oral malignant melanoma: case report and review of literatureOral malignant melanoma: case report and review of literature est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : Y. Naji, S. Haitami, I. Ben Yahya - Morocco


Résumé

Introduction : Le Mélanome Malin Oral (MMO) est une néoplasie développée à partir de cellules mélanocytaires se trouvant dans la couche basale de la muqueuse orale. Son incidence est de 1,2 cas pour 10 millions d'habitants par an.
Cas clinique : Ce travail rapporte le cas d'un patient s’étant présenté en consultation avec comme principale plainte l’extension progressive d’une coloration noirâtre de la gencive maxillaire. L'examen extra-oral a mis en évidence l’existence d’une adénopathie submandibulaire. L’examen intra-oral a effectivement confirmé la présence d’une lésion hyper pigmentée au niveau de la gencive maxillaire, associée à une tuméfaction souple au niveau antérieur du palais dur. Une biopsie a été effectuée, le résultat de l’examen anatomopathologique confirmant les soupçons d’un MMO. Le traitement a associé chirurgie et chimiothérapie.
Discussion : Les MMO sont des lésions extrêmement rares se développant souvent dans la muqueuse gingivale maxillaire et plus particulièrement au palais. Ils sont cliniquement asymptomatiques dans les premiers stades et se présentent généralement comme de simples "patchs" hyper pigmentés sur la surface gingivale.
Conclusion : En raison de la nature histologique agressive et d’une évolution clinique initiale silencieuse de ces lésions, il est important d’envisager une biopsie ainsi qu’un suivi régulier de toute lésion gingivale pigmentée suspecte.

Abstract
Oral malignant melanoma: case report and review of literature

Introduction: Oral Malignant Melanoma (OMM) is a neoplasia developed from melanocytic cells in the basal layer of the oral mucosa. Its incidence is 1.2 casesper 10 million people per year.
Case report: This work reports the case of a patient consulting with as main complaint the gradual extension of a blackish coloration of the maxillary gingiva. Extra oral examination revealed the existence of a submandibular lymphadenopathy. Intra oral examination indeed confirmed the presence of an hyperpigmented lesion in the maxillary gingiva, associated with a soft swelling of the anterior hard palate. A biopsy was performed, the result of histological examination confirming suspicions of an OMM. Treatment coupled surgery and chemotherapy.
Discussion: OMMs are extremely rare lesions often develop in the maxillary gingival mucosa and especially at the palate. They are clinically asymptomatic in the early stages and are generally presented as simple hyperpigmented "patches" on the gingival surface.
Conclusion: Due to the aggressive histological nature and a silent initial clinical course of these lesions, it is important to consider a biopsy as well as regular follow-up of suspicious pigmented gingival lesion.

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