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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 47 - December 2024 pages 31-38

Monsieur Motandi Idani Epidemiology and management of dysfunctions of the manducatory apparatus at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching HospitalEpidemiology and management of dysfunctions of the manducatory apparatus at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : M. Idani, JP Bayala, M. Millogo, S. Bougoum, A. Zango, S.P.A. Badini, T. Yonli, T. Konsem - Burkina Faso


Résumé

Introduction : Les dysfonctionnements de l’appareil manducateur sont des affections fréquentes et complexes. Ils sont multifactoriels, de prise en charge pluridisciplinaires et délicate. Le but de ce travail était de rapporter les aspects épidémiologiques et thérapeutiques de cette pathologie dans notre contexte.
Matériels et méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude transversale descriptive et analytique à collecte rétrospective sur une période de 5 ans (janvier 2018 à décembre 2022), incluant les cas de dysfonctionnement de l’appareil manducateur non-liés à un néoplasie, à une fracture ou à une ankylose de l’articulation temporo-mandibulaire.
Résultats : La fréquence hospitalière était de 1,35% (102/7551) et 82 patients ont été inclus dans l’étude. L’âge moyen des patients était de 41 ans (extrêmes 10 et 80 ans) et le sex-ratio de 0,6 (51 hommes, 31 femmes). Le bruxisme (36,58%) et les édentements postérieurs (23,17%) étaient les principaux facteurs favorisants. La symptomatologie était dominée par les douleurs aux articulations temporo-mandibulaires chez 69 (84,15%) patients et les bruits articulaires chez 35 (42,68%) patients. Le traitement a consisté en un traitement médical chez 67 (81,71%) patients et un traitement orthopédique occlusal chez 15 (18,30%) patients. L’évolution a été favorable chez 67 (81,71%) patients et émaillée de rechute chez 12(14,6%) patients.
Conclusion : Le dysfonctionnement de l’appareil manducateur est une entité nosologique complexe aussi bien dans ses étiologies que dans son expression clinique. Sa prévention passe par l’équilibre cognitivo-comportemental, la correction des dysmorphoses dento-faciales. La consultation précoce serait le gage du succès thérapeutique.

Abstract
Epidemiology and management of dysfunctions of the manducatory apparatus at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorders are frequent and complex. They are multifactorial, multidisciplinary and delicate to manage. The aim of this study is to report on the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of this pathology in our context.
Materials and methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted over a 5-year period (January 2018 to December 2022), including cases or temporomandibular joint nonrelated to neoplasia, fracture or temporomandibular joint ankylosis.
Results: The hospital frequency rate was 1.35% (102/7551) and 82 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 41 years (extremes 10 and 80 years), with a sex-ratio of 0.6 (51 men, 31 women). Bruxism (36.58%) and posterior edentulousness (23.17%) were the main contributing factors. Symptomatology was dominated by TMJ pain in 69 (84.15%) patients and joint noise in 35 (42.68%). Treatment consisted of medical therapy in 67 (81.71%) patients and orthopedic occlusal therapy in 15 (18.30%). Evolution was favourable in 67 (81.71%) patients, with relapse in 12 (14.6%).
Conclusion: Manducatory dysfunction is a complex nosological entity, both in its etiologies and in its clinical expression. Its prevention requires cognitive-behavioral balance and correction of dentofacial dysmorphoses. Early consultation is the key to therapeutic success.

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