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Résumé

But : Cette étude visait à examiner l’influence de la morphométrie du visage et de la perception sociétale de l’esthétique faciale sur l’estime de soi physique des adolescentes mélano-ivoiriennes.
Matériel et méthodes : Des photographies du visage de 50 filles de 16 à 18 ans (soumises à l’échelle toulousaine d’estime de soi) ont fait l’objet d’une analyse céphalométrique, avant d’être portées au jugement d’un jury. Le test de Mann-Whitney a comparé les modalités du jugement esthétique et celles de l’estime de soi physique ; tandis que le Khi² de Person a analysé les liens entre le jugement esthétique et l’estime de soi physique (P < 0,05).
Résultats : Vingt-sept filles (54%) avaient une estime de soi physique forte et 35 (70%) ont été jugées attrayantes. Les filles ayant une estime de soi physique forte présentaient un profil facial orthognathe (G-Pog/C-Me = 90,63 ± 4,49°). En plus de cette rectitude du profil facial G-Pog/C-Me = 89,60 ± 5,77°), les filles jugées attrayantes avaient un nez (AlD-AlG = 45,02 ± 3,65 mm) et une bouche (ChD-ChG = 54,62 ± 4,04 mm) de faibles diamètres. En outre, 26 des filles (74,3%) de forte estime de soi physique ont été jugées attrayantes, traduisant une association (Khi² = 19,328 ; P = 0,00) relativement forte (V de Cramer = 0,622) entre jugement esthétique et estime de soi physique.
Conclusion : Le profil facial orthognathe, spécificité morphologique du visage leucoderme, détermine l’estime de soi physique des adolescentes mélano-ivoiriennes, car il participe avec le nez et la bouche étroits, des critères majeurs caractéristiques de l’esthétique faciale féminine dans la société ivoirienne.

Abstract
Influence of facial morphometry and societal perception of facial aesthetics on physical self-esteem in melano-Ivoirian girls

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the influence of facial morphometry and societal perception of facial aesthetics on the physical self-esteem of Melano-Ivorian adolescent girls.
Materials and methods: Facial photographs of 50 girls aged 16 to 18 (submitted to the Toulouse self-esteem scale) were subjected to cephalometric analysis, before being judged by a jury. The Mann-Whitney test compared the modalities of aesthetic judgment and those of physical self-esteem, while Person’s Chi² analyzed the links between aesthetic judgment and physical self-esteem (P < 0.05).
Results: Twenty-seven girls (54%) had strong physical self-esteem and 35 (70%) were judged to be attractive. Girls with strong physical self-esteem presented an orthognathic facial profile (G-Pog/C-Me = 90.63 ± 4.49°). In addition to this straightness of the facial profile G-Pog/C-Me = 89.60 ± 5.77°), the girls judged to be attractive had a nose (AlD-AlG = 45.02 ± 3.65 mm) and a mouth (ChD-ChG = 54.62 ± 4.04 mm) small diameters. In addition, 26 of the girls (74.3%) with high physical self-esteem were considered attractive, reflecting a relatively strong association (Khi² = 19.328; P = 0.00) (Cramer’s V = 0.622) between aesthetic judgment and physical self-esteem.
Conclusion: The orthognathic facial profile, morphological specificity of the leucoderma face, determines the physical self-esteem of melano-Ivorian adolescent girls, because it participates with the narrow nose and mouth, major criteria characteristic of female facial aesthetics in Ivorian society.